In remediation efforts, geology helps us understand the structure of soil and rock, while hydrogeology focuses on how groundwater and other fluids move through the subsurface. These two disciplines are fundamental for assessing and addressing site contamination. Yet, there’s another critical field that complements and strengthens them; geochemistry.
Geochemistry plays a key role by integrating principles from geology, chemistry, hydrogeology, and engineering. It acts as a bridge between these areas, offering a more complete picture of environmental challenges. While it may seem technical, geochemistry has very practical applications. It helps us make sense of how contaminants behave in the environment, enabling us to design targeted and effective remediation strategies based on the unique characteristics of each site.
What is the Difference Between Geochemistry and Chemistry?
Although geochemistry and chemistry may seem alike, they serve distinct purposes. Chemistry is a broad discipline with applications across many fields, while geochemistry is a more specialized branch that blends geology and chemistry. It centers on the chemical interactions among water, rocks, and gases in the natural environment, helping us understand how these elements have reached their present chemical states. Geochemistry is particularly valuable for tracking contaminants, assessing their potential impacts, and designing effective remediation strategies tailored to specific site conditions.
Why is Geochemistry Useful in Solving Problems?
While geologists examine soil and rock formations and hydrogeologists investigate how groundwater moves, geochemistry zeroes in on the interactions between water and rocks. This dynamic relationship helps us uncover the “why” behind contamination; why certain contaminants are present and how they behave in the environment. By studying these geochemical processes, we gain a deeper understanding of groundwater systems and can develop more effective solutions for managing water contamination.
Geochemistry goes beyond simply supporting geological and hydrogeological observations. It reveals how groundwater and other fluids naturally evolve along their flow paths and how we might intervene to improve or correct unfavorable conditions. This insight is key to designing targeted and sustainable remediation strategies.
Practical Applications of Geochemistry
Geochemistry plays a vital role in various environmental and industrial applications, including:
- Inorganic Metal Monitored Natural Attenuation Studies
- Natural Source Zone Depletion of Hydrocarbons
- Bioremediation
- Coal Combustion Residual Alternate Source Demonstrations
- Acid Mine Drainage Remediation and Mine Reclamation
- Forensic Evaluations of Chemical Sources
- Carbon Sequestration System Development and Monitoring
- Geothermal Energy Exploration and Resource Development
Author: Andrew Fowler, Senior Geologist, Ph.D.
