Longwall mining is a highly efficient underground coal mining technique that involves the use of a long wall of coal being mined in a single slice. This method allows for the extraction of large volumes of coal while minimizing surface disturbance and maximizing safety. The process involves the use of specialized equipment, including a shearer, to cut the coal and hydraulic supports to prevent cave-ins, which is crucial for maintaining stability in underground operations(Longwall Mining – (Earth Science) – Vocab, Definition, Explanations | Fiveable, n.d.).
Extraction by longwall mining is an almost continuous operation involving the use of self-advancing hydraulic roof supports, a sophisticated coal-shearing machine, and an armored conveyor paralleling the coal face (Coal20Mining20Methods20, nd).
Modern longwall mining operations make use of computer-based automation and monitoring in addition to sophisticated electrical, mechanical, and hydraulic equipment. Due to the modernisation, production rates have increased, and safety has improved as fewer workers are employed in potentially dangerous locations where methane and carbon monoxide are present(Marcial, 2024).
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