Autonomous drilling systems are transforming underground mining by enabling precise navigation and operation with minimal human intervention. These systems rely on advanced technologies to navigate complex subsurface environments and execute drilling tasks efficiently (Mining Technology, 2024).
Navigation in underground settings, where GPS signals are unavailable, depends on inertial navigation systems (INS) and LiDAR-based odometry. INS uses gyroscopes and accelerometers to track position and orientation, providing accurate localization in GPS-denied environments (ScienceDirect, 2024). LiDAR scanners map the surroundings in real time, creating 3D models of tunnels to guide navigation and avoid obstacles (Sandvik, 2023). For instance, Sandvik’s AutoMine Concept Underground Drill uses onboard cameras and scanners to update 3D mine models, enabling autonomous route planning (Sandvik, 2023).
Operationally, these systems integrate AI and machine learning to execute drilling cycles. They use data from mine planning software like iSURE to optimize drilling patterns and adapt to real-time conditions (Sandvik, 2023). AI-guided features, such as automatic drill bit changers, detect wear and replace bits without human input, enhancing efficiency (Sandvik, 2023). Systems like Komatsu’s Auto Pilot automate entire drilling missions, maintaining precision during shift changes and reducing downtime (Mining Technology, 2024). Real-time data from sensors monitors rock conditions, adjusting parameters to prevent equipment damage (E & MJ, 2023).
Despite their advancements, high costs and complex integration remain challenges (Gartner, 2022). Nonetheless, autonomous drilling systems promise safer, more efficient underground operations.
How do autonomous drills find their way and operate deep underground without GPS?
